People are not free to make moral decisions Essay

Is it right to say that our actions are determined, or are they free? Hard determinists argue that when we make a moral decision, we have no free will. This is significant because if we do not choose our actions we cannot be held morally responsible. Given our experience of decision making this determinist position is hard to accept and perhaps the compatabilist approach of soft determinism is more valid. Soft Determinists recognise that we can make a decision freely that is coerced but the choices in themselves may be determined themselves. This contrasts with libertarianism, which states that we freely choose our actions and rejects determinism. To fully examine whether we are in fact free or not to make moral decisions, we must first analyse what particular factors affect our decision making. When we debate over a decision we consider/ weigh up our options, we know that we have a choice and only we can make that choice, this is known as a libertarian view. Libertarians believe that we have full responsibility of our actions and nothing else affects our decision, however genes, environment, lifestyle and our upbringing affect or sometimes might determine our choices. Determinism objects libertarianism and believes that our choices are influenced by factors other than the will of the individual, events and actions are predetermined by other events therefore freedom of choice is an illusion. Free will is the term made up of ‘autos’ meaning self and ‘nomos’ meaning rule. Many philosophers such as Kant say that you can only be responsible for actions that you undertake of your own will, this is opposed to Determinism. Libertarianism is the belief that humans are free to make moral choices and therefore morally responsible. â€Å"By liberty we can only mean a power of acting of not acting according to the determinations of the will†. David Hume. In the definition of libertarianism a distinction between the persons character or personality and his/or her moral self. It is this moral self or will that is free. â€Å"Your destiny is allotted to you, but you shall choose it for yourselves†. Plato. There are many arguments that support libertarianism, the most predominant of these being the argument from experience, this states that we all experience making choices, such as the very fact that I am sat here writing this essay is the result of a choice, I did have another option so I could’ve chose otherwise. We are also aware of going through a decision making process, we can weigh up our options and act upon this. Libertarians also believe in the necessary cause stating that for Y to happen X must have caused it, without X Y will not happen. This is a determinist understanding, However Libertarians recognise that causes are contingent and not necessary, they may or may not cause Y, this is a libertarian view. However opposed to this Determinists would argue that if free will exists then what actually causes our actions, surely our actions are caused by something, for example what about our past experiences and emotions? Also a determinist would argue is it part of human nature to assume that we are free and what exactly is moral responsibility, and how is this separate from our personality. If it comes from the soul then what causes the soul. Hard determinism states that people do not have free will to act in moral situations. It also states that everything has a prior cause which precedes it; everything is a product of the cause which is unchangeable and fixed. Therefore we cannot be held morally responsible or blameworthy for their actions because their actions are determined. When we think that we are making a moral decision, hard determinists believe that this is an illusion that we are free but in fact we are not and the decision that we made was already determined. John Locke’s example of the man in the locked room shows that we believe that we are free but we are actually not. However libertarians would argue that we had the choice whether or not to go into the locked room. Psychological determinism is another form of Hard Determinism. This suggests that our characters are determined by our upbringing and experiences. There are many influencing factors on human behaviour such as hereditary, society, culture and environment. Freud taught that our early years have impact on our actions in the future, there is also much evidence to support this view such as Pavlov’s dogs which operant conditioning demonstrates that we can mould our behaviour through rewards and sanctions, it also demonstrates how our behaviour is determined. However a libertarian would argue that just because you can condition one element of decision making doesn’t mean that all behaviour is determined, we always have a choice. Theological determinism is also another form of hard determinism. This is the view that the causal chain can be traced back to an uncaused causer, as shown in Aquinas’ Cosmological argument, and this uncaused causer is God. If God is, as suggested by Calvin through his predestination view which suggests that God has already determined a plan for us so we are either damned (going to hell) or elect (going to heaven) , an omnipotent and omniscient God then we cannot have free will as our actions must be predetermined because of this. There are many criticisms for this view that Libertarians would address as it conflicts with biblical teachings as in Genesis it states that God gave us free will and also for theological determinism to be accepted, libertarians would also argue that there is no proof of this God, so in their view we still have a choice. A form of Hard Determinism that contrasts and argues this view is scientific determinism; this approach states that science tells us that for every physical event there is a physical cause. If we consider the mind to be material activity in the brain, so then our thoughts are also pre determined. Another form of hard determinism is Biological determinism which states that our characters are determined by our genes, this is partly true as genes do give us our characteristics such as what we look like, even our IQ, all this can determine our behaviour for example the violent gene as evidence can be traced back to the genome (e. g. a violent gene recognised by the Italian supreme court). However libertarians would argue that because there is only 0. 2% variation in our DNA, so this doesn’t seem efficient enough to explain all the variations in human behaviour, it’s not just our genetic makeup that influences our behaviour, and they would argue that we always have a choice. Soft determinism states that we are morally responsible for our actions; this approach allows libertarianism and hard determinism to be compatible. It states that as long as no one forces you to make a decision then you are free, this can be described as internal freedom. However soft determinists make a distinction between internal and external causes, these explain why freedom and Jeremy moral responsibility are not only compatible with determinism but actually require it. Soft Determinism, unlike hard determinism, allows for moral responsibility, for example if person A does not save a drowning child because person A cannot swim, he is not morally responsible. However, if he chooses not to because of his personality, a combination of his conditioning, an upbringing and so forth, then he is to be held responsible. Soft determinists believe that all human actions are caused and when we say that a person acted freely we are not saying that there was no cause but rather they were not forced to do it, here they act as free agents even though their actions are still caused. A main philosopher associated with soft determinism is Hume whom was a soft-determinist. He stated that all things are necessary and believed that some things are uncaused or happen as the result of chance. Hume also believed that we are free, he goes on to say that we don’t blame people for things they do ignorantly, and blame them less for things that are not premeditated, and any sense of moral blame can only come if something we do is the result of our character. Hume believed that free will, and moral responsibility, require determinism. Soft determinists are criticised by hard determinists for failing to realise the extent to which human freedom is limited and also by libertarians for failing to recognise the true extent of freedom. Whilst Soft determinism offers a ‘middle ground’ between hard determinism and libertinism an agreeable account of moral freedom, a line still has to be drawn between that which is determined and that which is open to choice. The major fault with soft determinism is that they have to try and agree on what is a determining factor and what is not and the complexities of genetics, psychology makes such a line difficult for them to draw. So In conclusion, through the arguments expressed in this essay, I believe that perhaps a Soft Determinist approach is more susceptible towards moral decision making, as although it allows us to make our own decisions, they are to an extent determined due to numerous factors such as our upbringing, environment and culture, however it also allows us to accept responsibility for our actions whatever they may be.

Modernism as an Impact in Society Essay

Modernism is a modernist movements in the art, its set of cultural tendencies and associated cultural movements, originally arising from wide-scale and far-reaching changes to Western society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Modernism also reject the idea of enlightenment thinking as a well the idea of god as a powerful person. Modernism movement is focus on traditional activities such as; art, architecture, the religious faith, social organization and daily life, those things were become obsolete in the economic system, social and political implication that were presented the fully industrialized world. An example of modernism was â€Å"Sophistication† by Sherwood Anderson in (1876-1941). â€Å"Sophistication† has several controversial ideas that suggest negative consequences on society; insolation, and individuality of people. Tendencies about modernism presented in â€Å"sophistication† could be cause impact in depression. Depression is a mental state or chronic mental disorder characterized by feelings of sadness, loneliness, despair, low self-esteem, and self-reproach (Leonard). Modernism considers that exist a barrier that divides past from the present. It is an impassible barrier in the imagination of modernity. It? s cause the experience of disillusion which make it possible to capture the innocence of early days. Modernism suggest that all people have disillusion for any reason, this disillusion helps people to overcome the problem and also sees the world as an option to improve their live. Besides an idea of modernism is the disillusion of people. Sherwood Anderson in his story â€Å"Sophistication† suggest that: The mood that had taken possession of him was a thing known to men and unknown to boys. He felt old and a little tired. Memories awoke in him. To his mind his new sense of maturity set him apart, made of him a half-tragic figure. He wanted someone to understand the feeling that had taken possession of him after his mother’s death. (422) It means that George Willard is growing up into manhood but, he wants to have a person that can comprehend some feelings that had taken possession of him because he felt totally different in his new stage. On the other hand, James Leonard makes contrast about believes that Sherwood Anderson has with regard to puritanism. He suggest that disillusion cause spiritual depression: â€Å"Almost any disappointment, disillusionment, failure, or collapse-of-hopes might cause us to tumble into an emotional slump† In this perspective, disillusion cause a spiritual depression in which people that are facing problems like adaptation into society. When Elizabeth, his mother, finally dies, George Willard is oddly unaffected at first. He decides that now he will definitely leave Winesburg. â€Å"Sitting with his mother’s corpse, he begins to think of kissing Helen White. Having this thought while sitting next to his dead mother makes him feel guilty, and he begins to weep again. He leaves the room, still crying, overcome by a combination of fright and uncertainty. † (Anderson) However George remember things such when his mother death for that reason he felt loneliness and maybe in some moments he was depressed for both reason; his mother and Helen White. Sherwood in his story â€Å"Sophistication† arguments: â€Å"The sadness of sophistication has come to the boy. With a little gaps he sees himself as a merely a leaf blown by the wind through the streets of his villages†( p 423). That means that he has fair to confront the new world. He felt alone and his thoughts are that he is going to die uncertainly. Moreover, when people in society are facing situations that can affect their life like remembering of past, thing like this was difficult to overcome for them or accomplish some rules that society is show them such; aptitude related with sex, being part of fully industrialized world. Those thing can affect themselves. Also, if they do not accomplish those rules, they are discriminate or they cannot be part of the world. In some moment they are called stranger person or rare. The ideologies Modernism presents in Sophistication cause several impact on society. Modernism has its own relation with individualism. Subsequently, they belief are not shared by the religion. Modernism belief that individualism has association with liberty. On the other hand, â€Å"Sophistication† presents a corrupt interest on money as a form of refuse to obtain materials things. The point of view epitomized by Sherwood Anderson in his story â€Å"Sophistication† with an insignificant quotation: Helen arose and went into the house. At the door leading to a garden at the back she stopped and stood listening. Her mother began to talk. â€Å"There is no one here fit to associate with a girl of Helen’s breeding,† she said. Helen ran down a flight of stairs at the back of the house and into the garden. In the darkness she stopped and stood trembling. It seemed to her that the world was full of meaningless people saying words. With this example Anderson in his history try to demonstrate what important are the material things for Helens mother, saying to instructor that do not exist a man that can be compere with the status of Helen White. However, Helen felt sad because she thinks that in the word there are people who say stupid things. But, the mother does not take into account Helen’s feelings because people who are materialist do not care about people who are around them. Moreover Helen was thinking in George when she went to fair with the instructor. Besides, Anderson affirm that Helen’s thought was regard to George: Helen White was thinking of George Willard even as he wandered gloomily through the crowds thinking of her. She remembered the summer evening when they had walked together and wanted to walk with him again. She thought that the months she had spent in the city, the going to theaters and the seeing of great crowds wandering in lighted thoroughfares, had changed her profoundly. She wanted him to feel and be conscious of the change in her nature. That means that Helen is thinking in her love and also. And she also was remembering things when they were in the city, those things she cannot forget because they were like phantasy for her. Also, Helen White wants that George about some changes in her nature, those changes have to be with her growing up into womanhood. However, religion disagree with this point of view that modernist present in â€Å"Sophistication†. Religion has some fundaments related with love as important pillar in humans being. On the other hand, the religion criticizes the ambition for materials thing because God teach them in his bible that material things do not have anything to do with happiness. Reina Valera makes a contrast about belief of modernism: Make no store of wealth for yourselves on earth, where it may be turned to dust by worms and weather, and where thieves may come in by force and take it away, But make a store for yourselves in heaven, where it will not be turned to dust and where thieves do not come in to take it away: For where our wealth is, there will your heart be. (Matthew 6:19, 20, 21) God counsels to make our best things the joys and glories of the other world, those things not seen which are eternal, and to place our happiness in them. Furthermore, God tries to teach that if we die all materials things we are going to stay in this earth, for that reason materials things are not related with happiness. To sum up, the vision of Sherwood Anderson as a modernism believer has about the connection that exist between past and present when children are suffering some changes when they are growing up how is present in â€Å"sophistication† Helen White was change her childhood into womanhood at the same time of George was change his childhood into manhood. But, it is also important to take into account that those changes could affect their life because some children want not to be part of adult and some moments those changes could be the first cause of depression. After all, it is necessary to respect the perception that the religion has, it is in contrast of the ambition of material things or to get money. However, it is necessary to respect those beliefs that every person has about religion. Moreover Reina Valera teach us that material things do not have anything to do with happiness because God teach us that it is more important love because materials thing is going to stay in the earth when we die.

UNIT 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

UNIT 5 - Essay Example When management carries out its duties effectively by attaining desired results, then that defines doing things the right way. On the other hand, when management does things efficiently, that is accomplishing set goals in the required way, then that is doing the right thing. Setting measurable goals such as budgets and production levels gives the manager a chance to analyze reasons for missing certain goals. Reasonable and measurable goals help managers to expose reasons that results into struggles of working staff. In addition, measurable goals help in preventing miscommunication among members of the organization. Without measurable goals, employees morale decreases because staff members feel that they work without direction. It, therefore, is through setting up of measurable goals that employees prove to their managers their worth and goals. Every project goal has its critical dimensions. Three of these critical dimensions include cost, scope and schedule of the project in question. For any project, the manager must put into consideration cost of materials that the entire project may require. Secondly, the required release date of the project makes it necessary for a manager to treat schedule with significance (Sanzo et al.,  2012). Finally, project managers also need to take care of the project scope. Project scope involves performance requirements and any other set features in the project goal. The most common types of project manager’s charts are the PERT Chart and Gantt chart. Both PERT and Gantt charts help managers to plan their projects in a manner that enables the project team to visualize the project as a whole or in part (Bowen, 2014). However, PERT and Gantt display varied contrasts. Gantt charts describe tasks dependencies, onset and ending times for project tasks while PERT charts describe parallel activities and that are sequential. Gantt charts mainly depict simple related tasks whereas PERT charts focus on

ExxonMobil - Future potential Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

ExxonMobil - Future potential - Essay Example 7 3.1 Strengths of ExxonMobil †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 3.2 Weaknesses of ExxonMobil †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 3.3 Opportunities for ExxonMobil †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 3.4 Threats to ExxonMobil †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 4.0 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis of ExxonMobil †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 4.1 Threat of New Entrants †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 4.2 Threats from Rivals †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 4.3 Supplier Power †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 4.4 Buyer Power †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 11 4.5 Threat of Substitutes †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 11 5.0 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 Executive Summary There is no doubt pertaining to the fact that ExxonMobil happens to be the biggest publicly traded company in the world that deals in oil and natural gas. The recommendations extended in this report directly ensue from varied facts and factors like the number one position of ExxonMobil in the oil and natural gas sector, the immense growth potential of ExxonMobil and the steps being taken by the company to extend its business all around the world. So far as its financial position is concerned, ExxonMobil is suitably positioned and has the capacity to benefit from the fluctuating oil and natural gas prices. So as to be able to have an insight into the future potential of the ExxonMobil, the report intends to analyze ExxonMobil’s business operations and the overall business environment in which the company operates. The report holds that Exxon Mobil has an immense growth potential in the future. This conclusion ensues forth from varied facts. Over the years ExxonMobil has managed to retain a robust financial position and standing in the oil and natural gas sector. Besides, ExxonMobil is proactively expanding its activities at an international level and is making immense investments in the oil and natural gas sector. These advantages enjoyed by ExxonMobil are much augmented by the fact that the demand for oil and natural gas is continually increasing all around the world. In the light of these facts, the prospects of ExxonMobil seem to be propitious in the future. 1.0 Introduction In order to have an insight into the future potential of ExxonMobil, it will be useful to consider its past track record and history. In the past 125 years, ExxonMobil has successfully graduated from being the largest marketer of kerosene within the United States of America to being the largest publically traded company that deals in oil and natu ral gas (ExxonMobil 2012). In the present context, ExxonMobil is operating in many of the nations and is known word over by the dint of its famous brands like Mobil, Exxon and Esso (ExxonMobil 2012). It goes without saying that the contemporary world economies are largely dependent on energy and the energy needs of the world are immensely expanding with time. The products made by ExxonMobil facilitate transportation, have a usage in the petrochemical and lubricants industry and power generation.

Have Information Systems Affected Competition Essay

Have Information Systems Affected Competition - Essay Example Helped by constant development and changes, information systems currently control the key operations in the business world from production, sales, processing and even marketing. However, it is important that any business intending to employ the use of this technology understand its implications in full, especially, its influence to output and resultant profits. When the issues are fully understood, organizations require tools to necessitate the implementation of the information systems technology. This should be in a manner that will enable them increase their strategy in competition within their market (Bogetoft & Olesen, 2000).   One way in which many organizations have viewed information systems over the years is through a pyramid that would show a certain hierarchy that is observed in the organizations. At the bottom are the systems involving transaction processing, systems used to manage information systems follows closely, above this are systems that support decision making a nd the highest ranked are the systems that are used to save executive information. This was the most rudimentary organization, yet the level of organization it brought to a company enabled it to grow and prosper than its competitors. In the recent contexts, there have been new technologies that have changed the basic framework to encompass the changes in the contemporary business environment. Some of the new improvements are enterprise systems, global information system (GIS), and enterprise planning using resource departments, data warehouses, global information systems (GIS) and the automation of offices (Neumann, 1994).   It is obvious that information systems have influenced the competition by companies over the past few years; this is seen from the fact that most managers have been forces to integrate the use of software technology in their offices, production and daily running of activities. This revolution has made the finance departments to be forced to locate funds to pur chase hardware used in managing information systems, training of these system’s personnel and encouraging capacity building through funding trainings and workshops. Some of the competitive advantages gained from the use of information systems are reduction in costs that are incurred when obtaining, transmitting and saving information within a firm and between different business groups (Armoni, 2000).   Information systems fall under the group of competitive systems. This is because it involves many services all of which have a contribution to how and when decisions will be made. In addition, information systems have the competitive advantage of enabling users to collect data from the primary resource center, and then analyze it on the spot using well defined pre-set programs. The systems of information will enable users to plan ahead of their competitors and know their intentions beforehand (Rainer & Cegielski, 2011).   In addition, fieldwork analysis will help the manage rs to know the changes that occur in the market, changes in customer requirements, how the structure of the industry has changed in such issues as social, physical, and the physical forces; this would be with the use of internet searches on the news sites. Furthermore, the continuous changes in technology within and outside the company’

Islamic history Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Islamic history - Research Paper Example For this reason, it made him the legitimate successor to the Prophet. This implied that all other rulers were not legitimate. The Ottomans and Safavis rulers also used religion to legitimize their rule through the use of propaganda. From the safavid reading, the semi-secret Shi’ite had a propaganda that taught that all rulers of Islam were illegitimate and that the head of the Muslim community who is the Imam would one day appear and over through the mighty in order to set things right. This meant that the person who will over through the mighty rulers would be the one chosen by God.1 The rulers legitimized their rule by indicating that whoever God has given power or authority, no person can be able to resist. This prevented any person to go against or challenge a ruler who has been put into power by God.2 According to the report of the Carmelite mission, religion was put in display by building large mosques where people went to pray.3 Religion was also seen through the rituals that people performed. A good example was the use of prayers where people went to mosques for prayers thrice a day. This was in the morning, noon, and in the evening. Before prayers, people wash and call the name of God and â€Å"Ali in their prayers.4 Religion is also put on display through their daily activities.5 The Persians were allowed to have one wife who was placed in special places called the saraglios. These women were closely protected and hidden. The rulers’ use of religion changed it for their own benefit. They used religion to present themselves as gods especially to their soldiers. This was to the extent that soldiers went to fight without armor because they believed that their leaders are protecting them. Others went into battles without armor because they were willing to die for their monarch.6 When going into battles, most of these men fought in the name of the rulers because they considered them to be prophets and gods.7 The rulers also personalized

Decision support System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Decision support System - Essay Example Information technology experts are investing heavily in finding out the trends of IT uptake in the business world and utilize this information in key decision making for the organization (Albert & Kenneth, 2004). The demand for IT in businesses increases when customers realize there are programs in the market which are meant to help them avoid errors in decision making which affect their organization negatively through the losses incurred. Application of computers especially for decision support services is broad. There is no area in human existence where right decisions are not important. Whether it is health care settings, not for profit organizations, profit organizations, learning institutions, business organizations and any other place or institution where there is spending or cost incurred, all these require making decisions to strengthen the sustainability of the organization. Whether these are individual or corporate owned, there is need to gather information from consumers d irectly so as to offer products and services which will satisfy them (Albert & Kenneth, 2004). There is no business which operates within a vacuum. It is not very difficult to witness more than one organization which provides similar services, or companies selling goods within the same geographical area. Sometimes there goods which are originating from different companies present in retail outlets and customers do choose one item and leave the other. These decisions which customers make are based on several factors which attract them. In order to attract customers and influence their decisions to buy one product and leave another of the same type manufacturers spend so much in advertising their products to many people (Basil, 2010). The outcome of those promotional efforts is the large number of customers who demand for their products, thus boosting their capital base and profit. The quality of products or services also contributes much on the customers’ demand of those servi ces or products. It is important that clients take their time to provide goods and services which will be able to meet the basic standards in a given setting since every country has a board which oversees the sale and distribution of goods and services to ensure that consumers are protected from counterfeit products and services. Other external factors which affect a business organization include the political, legal and social systems in a particular country. It is important to understand the preferences of people you expect to be your customers for the products and services you offer. The behaviors, habits, customs and practices of people usually have a strong foundation which is sometimes very difficult to change. Therefore before you decide to invest in certain products while having a certain population in mind as your target population; it is important to consider the social nature of these people since it influences the purchasing habits of these people. The legal system is al so important in a given country since it lays a framework under which a business should operate. When investing in a foreign country it will be important to gather information on the laws which exist in that country so as to ensure you don’t incur unnecessary costs which come as fines due to breaking of business laws. These are some of the factors which aff

Plot and Character Analysis of The Story of An Hour by Kate Chopin Essay

Plot and Character Analysis of The Story of An Hour by Kate Chopin - Essay Example special attention given to just how the story is to be told, authors can open the story to a variety of interpretations illustrating the complexities of life during a particular period in history. A close examination of Kate Chopin’s short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour† illustrates how the written word can be a powerful representation of the weight of social constraints on women during this period in time. In this very short story, Chopin shows how her main character, Louise Mallard, was effectively dehumanized by the expectations of role fulfillment imposed upon her by her husband and her society. The story begins by illustrating the perceived condition of Louise’s health as she reportedly has a weak heart. â€Å"It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences; veiled hints that revealed in half concealing† (Chopin). What her sister Josephine told her was that Louise’s husband was killed in a recent railroad accident, information that had been confirmed by a close family friend. Louise’s reaction to the news is remarked as somewhat surprising, but takes on greater significance later in the story. â€Å"She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister’s arms† (Chopin). From this point, there isn’t a great deal of physical action to the story. Louise retires to her room alone and sits in a chair looking out the window. As she reflects upon the news she has just received, Louise begins to see the remainder of her life in ways that might have been highly unexpected at the time. Instead of feeling that he r life was over because her husband is dead, Louise begins to see her life as just beginning. She will finally have a chance to make some of her own decisions. Although her life has been turned upside down, Chopin demonstrates through Louise’s thoughts that her world had already been upside down under the external conditions she’d been forced to accept and only now, with the death of her husband, was it righting

Human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6750 words

Human resource management - Essay Example While feasibility studies for establishment of alliances find it important to discuss and evaluate the matters concerning technology, marketing, ownership and management structures; human resources is thought to be a subject that can be discussed, after the negotiations are finalized and alliance deal is signed. (Drouin, 2001). While issues of coordination between the workers and managers of two alliance partners remain unresolved, studies have confirmed that companies devote only around 4% of their time for resolving such issues. In addition, the differences between workforces of alliance partners can pose complex problems, incase people from different nationalities and ethnic background are involved. (Adler&Ghadar, 1990____________________________________________________Footnotes: For example, high failure rate has been recorded among the American expatriates, as American firms neglect specific procedures required for selection and training of their personnel, for working with international assignments Alliances and joint ventures are distinctly different in working style and management as the unitary domestic companies have particular style of management and human resources functional practice. The issues arise when people from different cultures have to undertake common responsibilities for discharging required functions and job responsibilities under a joint venture functional style. According to Shenkar and Zeira , an international joint venture can have eight different employee groups that have distinct characteristics. These would include executives from host-parent headquarters, host-parent transferees, host–country nationals, third county expatriates having foreign parents, parent country expatriates, third country nationals recruited directly by the IJV, third country expatriates having parents of host country nationality and foreign headquarters

US foreign policy ( chapter 3) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

US foreign policy ( chapter 3) - Essay Example During the Civil War, oil use was seen in the United States (Committee of Foreign Relations, 1975). Being the largest user and producer of oil, it also supplied oil to the Allied Forces during the First World War. The use of oil in the US industries was prominent in the post-war era and this prompted the US to fear oil supply depletion. The US was also concerned about oil supply being largely controlled by foreign interests like British Petroleum and Royal Dutch Shell (Committee of Foreign Relations, 1975). Moreover, the US also feared British control of numerous oil fields outside the United States. â€Å"All the known oil fields, all the likely of probable fields outside of the United States itself are in British hands or under British management of control, or financed by British capital† (Terzakian, 2006, p. 72). This prompted the US to be more restrictive of its oil exports and to consider other sources of oil. After the First World War, the US Senate asked the President to report on the restrictions being imposed on Americans exploring oil in foreign nations (Committee of Foreign Relations, 1975). Reports on how Americans were excluded from the exploration of foreign oil fields were revealed by a State Department report. Those which were under British control were especially active in excluding American oil explorers. Congress was prompted to pass the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 and this act set forth that oil and minerals outside the US can be explored by US nationals (Randall, 2005, p. 19). The Congress also implemented what is now known as the Principle of Reciprocity wherein oil and other minerals in the US lands could be used for exploitation by domestic foreign-owned corporations, but if the same privileges were not given to US nationals, these corporations would not be able to own stock or control

If One Is Truly Serious About Achieving Essay Example for Free

If One Is Truly Serious About Achieving Essay If one is truly serious about achieving the ultimate goal of human life by perfecting his spiritual inquiry, he must adopt a life style that is conducive to the cultivation of self-realizing knowledge. This life style can be beautifully summarized in the phrase simple living and high thinking. Here simple living is in relation to maintenance of the body, and high thinking is in relation to the aim of ones intellectual pursuits. In order to exist in this world it is necessary to maintain ones bodily existence, but as will be shown in later lessons, maintenance of the body is not progress towards the goal of life. Maintenance just allows one to perform the activity of existing in a particular body, which does not denote any accomplishment of a goal. This maintenance of the body involving mainly our activities of eating, sleeping, mating and defending is not in itself any great feat opportunity achievement. Even the animals are engaging in these activities of bodily maintenance. The cows also eat, the birds also mate, the hogs also sleep and the dogs also defend. Simply engaging in these activities of maintenance does not actually make one human. For this reason, one who is interested in achieving the real, permanent goal of life does not focus solely on these activities of bodily maintenance, but he rather focuses primarily on the path of perfection. This is why he adopts the process of simple living. The basic principle of simple living is accepting whatever is necessary for maintaining the body, so that we can use the energized body for higher philosophical pursuits directed towards our pure self identity. One only accepts that which is necessary for existence and does not take anything that is an unnecessary complication to life. In this way, by the process of living simply, one will be able to, if properly directed, arrive at the point of high thinking, the actual human essence. What exactly is the meaning of high thinking? High thinking entils the [continues].

A Rainy Day Essay Example for Free

A Rainy Day Essay Benjamin alighted from the bus and made a clumsy half skip from the last step of the bus to the bus stop. â€Å"Why does it have to rain now?† he thought as he looked up at the gloomy sky. Rainwater lashed down as lightning flashed and thunder roared. It had been bright and sunny the whole day, the sudden downpour half an hour ago caught Benjamin off guard because he had left his umbrella at home. How was he going to get home in the rain? Benjamin stood waiting at the bus stop for ten minutes. The rain did not look like it was stopping. Instead, it seemed to be getting even heavier! To make matter worse, the wind had started to blow. Just then, a gust of chilly wind blew the raindrops into the bus stop, Benjamin could feel that his hands were as frozen as ice. Benjamin was getting wet even under the shelter of the bus stop. He had to squat on the seat of the bus stop to keep his leg dry. He glanced at his watch, another fifteen minutes before his favourite programme ‘Mystery Mission’ came on the television. He particularly did not want to miss the episode that day as it was featuring Pro-bot, his favourite robot. Glancing at his watch yet again, Benjamin made up his mind. He held his bag over his head, took a deep breath and ran out of the bus stop into the rain. The heavy rain drenched Benjamin the moment he stepped out of the bus stop. Feeling cold, Benjamin started shivering. â€Å"I’ll just run to the nearest void deck,† he thought as he tried to race along, splashing puddles on the way. Unfortunately, the path that Benjamin was running along was wet and slippery that he slipped and fell with a loud thud. â€Å"Ouch!† yelled Benjamin as he lay on the path. His bag had fallen from his grasp and his books were scattered about, getting wet in the rain. He sat up slowly trying to ignore the pelting rain and examined himself. Luckily, he only suffered minor cuts and bruises. He picked himself up and hurriedly stuffed his books and pencil case into his bag before limping to the nearest void deck. There, Benjamin called his mother from a public phone. Benjamin’s mother, carrying an umbrella, hurried to the void deck at once. An hour later, after a hot shower and a change of clothes, Benjamin felt much better. He mother had tendered his wound too. He sighed as he looked at his wet books which had been spread out on the table to dry. â€Å"Ahhahhahchoo!† Benjamin suddenly gave a loud sneeze. Oh no, was he coming down with a cold?

Examining Related-Party Transactions And Corporate Fraud

Examining Related-Party Transactions And Corporate Fraud Related parties represent a link where one party can exercise control (direct or indirect) or significant influence over the operating policies of the other party. According to FRS 8 and IAS 24, a related party includes an entitys subsidiaries, associates, joint venture interests, directors and family members of  directors. Related-party transactions are legitimate activities and serve practical purposes such as: They are recognised in corporate and taxation laws. They have their own standards for accounting treatment. Systems of checks and balances have been built around them to make sure they are conducted within these boundaries. The following parties are not considered as related parties in IAS 24: Parties which have normal dealing with an entity. Examples include providers of finance, trade unions, government agencies and public utilities. Parties such as customers, suppliers, distributors and franchisors on which the entity is economically dependent. Two venturers sharing joint control over a joint venture. Two entities having a common directors or other member of key management personnel are not considered as related parties. Related Party Transactions Related party transactions (RPTs) are defined in IAS 24 as any transactions made between the related parties irrespective of whether a price is charged or not. The transactions include transfer of resources, services or obligations. In other words, RPTs are transactions between a company and its management, board members, principal owners, or members of the immediate families of any of these groups. Examples of RPTs under IASB include rendering or receiving of services, purchase or sales of goods, leases, provisions of guarantees or collateral, purchase or sale of property and other assets, among others. Moreover, FASB (1982) states that RPTs include transactions between a company and its affiliates. Affiliates refer to entities which control the company, they are controlled by the company or they are controlled by another entity which also controls the company. Examples of RPTs under FASB include services received or furnished, borrowings and lendings, guarantees among others. Scenarios under related party transactions When an individual purchases a stock, bond, note or mutual fund from a family member or related party entity, he becomes entitled to the related party rules and under these rules, the individuals cost basis will actually depend on whether he ends up selling it at a gain or a loss. For example, the individuals sister owned stock of XYZ Corp which she bought for $20,000.   It had declined in value to $10,000 when he bought it from her.  Ã‚   Therefore, she is  not allowed to claim a  capital loss when she sells it to him because he is a related party. Gain scenario: If later the individual sells the stock to a  third, unrelated party  for $22,000, he will experience a true gain of $12,000 on his own acquisition cost of $10,000. However, he only have to declare  a capital gain of $2,000 for  income tax purposes because  he is allowed to use a carryover basis from his sister, since she was not able to claim the previous  disallowed loss.  Ã‚   Loss scenario: If the individual sells it later to a  third, unrelated party  for $8,000, he will have a true loss of $2,000 on his own acquisition cost of $10,000,  and he can only declare  a capital  loss of $2,000 for  income tax purposes.   However, he is not allowed to use a carryover basis from his sister, even though she was not able to claim the previous  disallowed loss. The tax savings from the previous disallowed capital loss are wasted and no one claimed them. Disclosure The objective of IAS 24 is to ensure that an entitys financial statements contain the disclosures necessary to draw attention to the possibility that its financial position and profit or loss may have been affected by the existence of related parties and by transactions and outstanding balances with such parties. The IAS 28 requires the following to be disclosed: Relationship between parents and subsidiaries: The entity should disclose the name of its parent company or of its ultimate controlling party irrespective of whether there have been any transactions occurred between them. In the case where neither the parent company nor the ultimate controlling company produces financial statement for public use, then the next most senior parent that does so must also be disclosed. Management Compensation: The compensation of the key management personnel must be disclosed in total and for each of the following categories: Short-term employment benefits Post-employment benefits Other longer benefits Termination benefits, and Equity Compensation benefits. Related Party Transaction: If transactions have been made between the related party, then for each categories of the related party, the following should be disclosed separately: The amount of the transactions The amount of the outstanding balances including terms and conditions and guarantees Provisions for doubtful debts related to the amount of outstanding balances Expenses recognised during the period in respect of bad or doubtful debts due from related parties. Types of RPT that lead to corporate frauds Many high profile companies have made an abuse use of related party transactions to succeed in involving in fraudulent activities. These include companies such as Enron, Adelphia, Tyco and others. Sales to ( or purchases from) related parties of goods and services According to Pesaru (2002), a related-party sales transaction represents the link between the company and the customer. In this particular transaction, it is usually difficult to identify the related parties. Thus, companies use this technique for boosting revenue. As such, the undisclosed related-party transactions may be used to fraudulently inflate earnings. Companies use accounting trick to mislead the users of financial statements. Presenting a series of sales, which are executed with an undisclosed related-party and which are insignificant is an example of accounting trick used by companies. Moreover, sales made to related party transactions can also lead to corporate frauds if the sales transactions are categorized under fictitious sales. Fictitious sales include round-trip sales. SEC 2003 defines round trip sales as simultaneous pre-arranged sales transactions often of the same product in order to create a false impression of justifying those fictitious sales transactions of falling under the normal ordinary course of the business. This type of transactions inflates sales figures and thus leads to overstatement of revenues. On the other hand, the purchase of goods or services from related parties is another type of RPT. This type of RPT may lead to fraud when the purchases are not disclosed or when they are considered as unauthorised transactions. Companies create fictitious purchases of services from related party to conceal a misappropriation. For instance, in the Tyco case, it was found that the company failed to disclose a finders fee paid to an outside director in connection with an acquisition. Besides, one of the principal owners of PNF Industries, Inc. created fictitious records to conceal a misappropriation by claiming that he was owed consultation fees. Since the payments were considered as unauthorised, he falsified a minutes of a directors meeting to authorize the fees. Non-reported purchases from a related party understate expenses and the effect of the understated figure of expenses is reflected in an overstated sales figure. On the contrary, non-reported revenues and fictitious purchases lead to understatement of income. This whole scenario is summarised in the following diagram. First scenario: Effect: FICTITIOUS SALES OVERSTATEMENT OF REVENUES SMOOTHING INCOME NON-REPORTED PURCHASES Second scenario: NON-REPORTED REVENUE FICTITIOUS PURCHASES UNDERSTATEMENT OF INCOME Genuine sales can be made to the related party in such a way that this transaction transfer wealth to the related party. This can be done if genuine sales are made below its market price to the related party. Another way of transferring wealth to the related party would be unnecessary purchases of goods and services or even purchases above its market price by the company. The other side of the coin will be transferring wealth from the related parties to the company. This is possible when actual sales are transacted to related party at above market prices or when purchases are made below market prices from the related party. The situation of genuine sales being transacted in a manipulating way can have two impacts: Firstly, if the company is already facing a crisis in terms of low profits for instance, then the latter can opt for transferring wealth from the related party to itself. And, if the company is transferring its wealth to the related party, this will lead to misappropriation of companys assets. Both of these impacts will lead to fraudulent financial reporting. To better understand the picture, a diagram is illustrated below: Scenario of sales: GENUINE SALES Made to related parties under market prices Made to the company over market prices LEADS TO TRANSFER OF WEALTH To the company To related parties Scenario of Purchases: PURHASES MADE TO Related parties over market prices The company from related parties under market prices LEADS TO TRANSFER OF WEALTH To the company An example of a company which uses this to involve in fraudulent activity is Livent Inc., Humatech Inc. and Enron. Livent Inc has mischaracterised certain receipts as revenue. In fact, the receipts were actually borrowings since there were side agreements obligating the company to repay the funds. The counterparty companies were related parties since the top executive of Livent Inc were a member of their boards. In the case of Humatech Inc, the CEO and the CFO secretly controlled the improper recognition of revenue which was actually sale to a foreign distributor. Indeed, the foreign distributor was a related party but however no disclosure has been made of the transactions. Furthermore, Enron has made a payment to one of its employees of around $ 10 million and the CFO took it as a SPE. The employee then via a payment to the CFOs family members, share a portion of its fees to the CFO. Loans to and from the related parties The provision of loan to and from the related parties is another major type of RPT. Lack of transparency involved in recording the following transactions outlined below of a company leads to understatement of its liabilities: Non- recognition of borrowings by the company to the related parties Non-disclosure of obligations incurred for the related parties in terms of guarantee Disclosure of loan transactions to related parties If loans are given to the related parties by the entity are reported accordingly in the financial records of that firm, the issue that arises is in terms of the collateral which is used as a medium to get the finance. In fact, what usually happens is that in case of related party transactions companies tend to overstate the value of these collaterals. Manipulating interest rates Wealth are transferred to related party by either borrowing from a related party at above-market interest rates, or lending to a related party at below-market interest rates. If the related parties borrow from the company at an interest rate which is above the market interest rate, this leads to a transfer of wealth to the company. Similarly, if the company is financed out by the related parties at below-market rates or off-market, this would again leads to a transfer of wealth from the related parties to the company. According to Freidman et al. (2003), this kind of practice is referred to as propping. On the other hand, if the company lends the related parties at an interest rate which is lower or even off the market interest rate, this will lead to a transfer of wealth from the company to the related parties. The scenario of manipulating interest rate can be easily understood through the diagram below: Scenario: transfer of wealth to the company: COMPANY Borrows from the related parties at a lower market interest rate Lends to related parties at a higher market interest rate Leads to transfer of wealth to the company If borrowings from a related party are not recognised, this will result in an understatement of liabilities. Moreover, over-estimating the collectability of loans to a related party leads to an overvaluation of assets. These situations are known as loan related misstatements and this may eventually leads to frauds. Several companies adopted this technique when preparing their financial statements. For example, Adelphia understated its liabilities by $1.6 billion. It failed to report its obligation under the credit facility by claiming that its obligation was merely a guarantee which did not require disclosure. In addition to this, Adelphia has netted $ 1.351 billion related party receivables with against related party payables, which has enable them to hide $ 1.348 billion of related party payables. The netting has also allowed them to hide the amount of transactions between the Adelphia and the company owned by Rigas family which was Adelphias controlling shareholders and management team. Indeed, the SEC has stated that the Rigas family has illegally excluded over $2.3 billion in bank debt by deliberately shifting those liabilities onto the books of Adelphias off balance sheet, unconsolidated affiliates and created sham transactions backed by fictitious documents to give the false appearance that Adelphia had actually repaid debts when, in truth, it had simply shifted them to unconsolidated Rigas-controlled entities. Moreover, PrintontheNet.com did not disclose that it had guaranteed $7.3 million in related parties loans. In the case of Tyco, Mr Kozlowski, who was the former Chief Executive Officer of Tyco International borrowed $ 242 Million from a Tyco program, with the intension to facilitate the executives to pay taxes on restricted-stock grants. However, instead of utilising the funds for that purpose, he spent the finances on yachts, fine art, estate jewelry and luxury apartments. In the same way, Mr Swartz, Tycos former Chief Financial Officer took a lo an of $72 Million from program and made personal investment and business ventures with that money. In the Enron case, Mahonia, a special purpose entity (SPE) which was controlled by a financial institution was employed to make some of the Enrons transactions disguised a borrowing of $ 2.6 billion from the financial institution as forwards contract. Hence, as a result of the disguised loans, cash flowed from the financial institution to Mahonia and then from Mahonia to Enron. Investment in related parties It is crucial to disclose investments in related parties in order to prevent frauds from occurring. Managers tend to manipulate earnings via tunneling actions in order to maintain the companys stock performance. As a result, investment decisions would be expropriated if such decisions are determined based on the financial disclosure. If investment in the equity of a related party is not reported correctly, this will lead to an overstatement of assets and hence will mislead investors about insider activity. Several companies had inflated their assets with RPTs. For example, an investment of $2.5 million in a venture capital fund by Hollinger was not disclosed. Moreover, in the Enron case, using the special purpose entities (SPEs) the managers was able to hide unfavourable performance of their investment decisions. Tonka is another example of a company which involve in fraudulent activities. The CFO of the company secretly owned a company and he misappropriate assets of Tonka by making the corporate funds to be improperly been invested in his company. Hence, it can be seen that many companies has misused related party transaction to involve in fraudulent activities. However, the Sarbanes Oxley Act 2002 has prohibited only one type of related party transaction which was loans to related parties. Indeed, in a study by Henri et al. (2007) which examined 83 SEC enforcement actions involving in related party transaction and fraud, it was found that the most frequent type of related party transaction was loan to related party. RPT: A cause for concern Many accounting frauds such as Enron, Adelphia, Tyco, Refco, Hollinger, Rite Aid have occurred during the past years and have shown concern towards related party transactions. This is because in one way or the other, related party transactions were involved, creating concern among regulators and other market participants about the appropriate monitoring and auditing of these transactions. However it has been pointed out that research has provided a mixed picture of the role of related party transactions in fraudulent financial reporting. For example, research has shown that related party transaction disclosures are quite common (Gordon et al. 2004a; Wall Street Journal 2003). However, since fraudulent financial reporting is relatively uncommon (Lev 2003), and furthermore most frauds2 apparently do not involve related party transactions (Shapiro 1984; Bonner et al. 1988; SEC 2003), it is reasonable to assume that most disclosed related party transactions are not fraudulent. According to Gordon et al. (2004), RPTs play a fundamental role in a firms corporate governance environment. It is said that RPTs are an aspect of corporate governance because these transactions are complex issues between a company and its managers, directors, subsidiaries and major shareholders. RPT is considered as an issue to corporate governance because of the problems of asymmetric information between the firms manager and external capital markets. Additionally, RPTs result in higher agency costs. This is due to the alignment of decision-making and monitoring rights. Moreover, according to Johnstone and Bedard (2004), RPTs are difficult to audit and these transactions represent a potential audit risk. When examining the financial statements of companies, auditors do not have adequate information on related party. Is it fair to blame only bad corporate governance for corporate failures? Bad corporate governance is one of the reasons which account for the corporate failures. Corporate governance issues, like those with related party transactions, crop up because of the existence of asymmetric information between shareholders and the firms managers. Existing research has shown that certain board characteristics and CEO pay-performance sensitivity are useful governance mechanisms which help to improve managerial agency problems. For example, large board size, which is observable and disclosed in proxy statements, has been found to be negatively correlated with firm value and interpreted as indicative of weak corporate governance (Yermack, 1996). However, this does not conclude that corporate failures arise only because of bad corporate governance. There are multitude reasons behind the corporate scandal. For instance, it has been seen that a lack of regulations is one of the reasons. It is believed that the erosion of accounting practices begun in the 1980s as firms tried to balance strict standards with a desire to please clients and increase consulting business. Research has shown that a lack of government regulation was one of the major causes of the huge energy trading firm Enron. This firm reported profits of hundreds of millions of dollars ($979 million in 2000, alone) before collapsing in 2001. Other examples include poor management structures, lack of independence and objectivity by auditors as well as poor business ethics. Ethics can be defined as moral philosophy. It is basically the discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad, right and wrong. The term is also applied to any system or theory of moral values or principles (Ethics, Encyclopedia Britannica Online, 2000). However, when this term is applied in the business context, it is said to be the study and evaluation of decision making by businesses according to moral concepts and judgments (Business Ethics, The Columbia Encyclopedia, 2007). For instance, in the Enron case, the auditors applied reckless standards to do their audit because they were receiving significant consultation fees from the company.

Consumer Behaviour Essay -- Technology, The iPhone

Symbolic Consumption: The iPhone In this era of emerging economies and growing globalisation, the demand for symbolic goods continues to expand, and at a fast rate. With recent advances in technologies such as personal digital assistants (PDA’s), satellite/tracking devices, mobile phones and many others springing up almost every day, it is not surprising that consumers would be willing to part with large amounts of cash for these products. One of such technological advancement is the iPhone, a fascinating instance of adaptation, which is fast becoming a most sought after brand. The issue however is whether this new technological advancement of the iPhone is going to be a continuous trend or will just fizzle out in the nearer future. To understand deeply the phenomenon of symbolic consumption, we must first understand what it means. According to Kerrigan et al. (2004), symbolic consumption deals with the consumption of products and services as sources of meaning. An important aspect of symbolic consumption is that consumers no longer consume products simply for their functional value, but for their symbolic value, for what these products mean to themselves and to others (Kerrigan et al 2004). In other words, these products more or less become commodity signs. Digital-era commodity goods like the iPhone are symbolic markers or what Thorstein Veblen would call conspicuous consumption or â€Å"status symbols† (2007). To make sense of this rapturous reception, the iPhone would however now be examined as a notable instance of symbolic consuming culture. In June 2007, the hottest cellular phone hit town, with a vast array of technological wonders never before put together inside a tiny gadget called cell phone (Blokdijk 2008). It was Ap... ...d therefore argue that products involve a form of natural process within which the designer plays a key role. Like any product, the iPhone has its own life span or in other words, evolutionary timeline, its own inherited traits, its own product design and its own adapted state through its environment. As global technology is continuously introduced and replaced, it would get to a stage where the symbolic value of the iPhone would no longer be appreciated. This is because more advanced and superior mobile devices would have come into place, thereby stealing the limelight from the iPhone. Additionally, the study of behaviors and attitudes towards a specific technology such as the iPhone are extremely vulnerable to new products and trends, making the findings of any study outdated in a very short period of time. In other words, social values also changes over time. Consumer Behaviour Essay -- Technology, The iPhone Symbolic Consumption: The iPhone In this era of emerging economies and growing globalisation, the demand for symbolic goods continues to expand, and at a fast rate. With recent advances in technologies such as personal digital assistants (PDA’s), satellite/tracking devices, mobile phones and many others springing up almost every day, it is not surprising that consumers would be willing to part with large amounts of cash for these products. One of such technological advancement is the iPhone, a fascinating instance of adaptation, which is fast becoming a most sought after brand. The issue however is whether this new technological advancement of the iPhone is going to be a continuous trend or will just fizzle out in the nearer future. To understand deeply the phenomenon of symbolic consumption, we must first understand what it means. According to Kerrigan et al. (2004), symbolic consumption deals with the consumption of products and services as sources of meaning. An important aspect of symbolic consumption is that consumers no longer consume products simply for their functional value, but for their symbolic value, for what these products mean to themselves and to others (Kerrigan et al 2004). In other words, these products more or less become commodity signs. Digital-era commodity goods like the iPhone are symbolic markers or what Thorstein Veblen would call conspicuous consumption or â€Å"status symbols† (2007). To make sense of this rapturous reception, the iPhone would however now be examined as a notable instance of symbolic consuming culture. In June 2007, the hottest cellular phone hit town, with a vast array of technological wonders never before put together inside a tiny gadget called cell phone (Blokdijk 2008). It was Ap... ...d therefore argue that products involve a form of natural process within which the designer plays a key role. Like any product, the iPhone has its own life span or in other words, evolutionary timeline, its own inherited traits, its own product design and its own adapted state through its environment. As global technology is continuously introduced and replaced, it would get to a stage where the symbolic value of the iPhone would no longer be appreciated. This is because more advanced and superior mobile devices would have come into place, thereby stealing the limelight from the iPhone. Additionally, the study of behaviors and attitudes towards a specific technology such as the iPhone are extremely vulnerable to new products and trends, making the findings of any study outdated in a very short period of time. In other words, social values also changes over time.

HEA ACT :: essays research papers

In our society, there are many obstacles that face students who are trying to obtain a college education. First, the student has to do well in high school, pass the S.A.T.’s, and be able to afford to pay for a college education. For those who can’t afford to pay for college there is Financial Aid. But what if financial aid was taken away from students based solely on one minor drug offense? I will address several reasons why I believe the Souder Amendment is unethical and why it should be repealed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Souder Amendment was developed by Rep. Mark Souder that denies financial aid to students with a drug conviction. This amendment is in total contradiction of the Higher Education Act which was developed in 1968 to provide financial aid to over 7 million students each year. Financial Aid was invented to provide financial assistance to students who come from low income families. Seeing how financial aid is solely based on the families financial household income, the money that is awarded to the family should not be in jeopardy if being taken away due to the students prior drug offense. By using this offense as a consequence to committing a drug related crime, it introduces many obstacles for middle class people, 2 minorities, and it ignores the most widely abused drug on college campuses - alcohol.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Working class students are the majority of people that attend college on scholarships and financial aid. While in school, experimentation may introduce itself as something that should be done while attending college. The consequences of allowing yourself to fall victim to drinking or taking drugs previously only had the consequence of a tremendous hang over the next morning. If caught by an official abusing drugs or alcohol, detainment would normally occur and several minor measures would be met to ensure the diversion of attempting to â€Å"experiment† again. But now that the Souder Amendment has been drafted, that one offense prevents a student from obtaining anymore government financed money to attend school. This is unethical to me because after the student realizes their mistakes and suffers the embarrassment of getting caught, they now have the burden of trying to obtain money to continue to pay for school. Quickly raising several thousands of dollars to pay for their next semester rarely happens and they are forced to take a semester off of school to save up so they can enroll the following semester.

The Pleasure of Drugs Essay -- Pleasure Drug Abuse Essays

The Pleasure of Drugs The Oxford Dictionary defines pleasure. It is a feeling of satisfaction or joy. It is enjoyment. It is a source of pleasure or gratification. It is formally a persons will or desire. Finally they define it as sensual gratification. Now if we put these all together in one sentence, pleasure is something that brings an overall feeling of satisfaction and gratification while fulfilling desires. If that doesn’t sound good, what does? We have already determined that people naturally are drawn to altered states of consciousness. Its a fact that we are drawn to that which feels altered. It starts at a young age and hypothetically we realize the world of drugs and their ability to enhance normality by young adulthood. When we add in the pleasure principle to that already sought out feeling, you get something that feels so amazing, and is also potentially addictive. It is important to acknowledge the overpowering seductiveness and appeal of drugs. Because some drugs directly affect the way that the brain works and operates, the ecstasy that results can be overwhelming. This is exactly where society comes into play. If someone can only feel that sort of pleasure from the high of heroin or that calmness from a cigarette, why would they want to stop? What would their alternative be? It would be the pain of withdrawal and the numbness that they felt before they discovered the high. I can only liken my drug theory to a circle, because in reality there is no one who is really sober. There are things that make us all feel better. It can range from chocolate to caffeine to crack, but whether it be hard or soft, legal or illicit, a drug is something that makes us feel something other than â€Å"normal†. (Not that there is even a set normality.) The circle theory is that even if you are a heroin addict and get sober, the likeliness of you finding something else that makes you feel better than normal is high. It might not be heroin again, but chances are it will be something. It all comes back to the inherent human nature to find a plane of reality other than this one. We remember what feels good to us. It is something that our brain does for us. Because sex feels good, there is a natural desire to participate. We remember which foods we like best and how they make us feel when we eat them. It is a system i... ...ual. It has more to do with how our society dictates we should live. Everyone needs to be rich and own a BMW and marry a model and be happy all the time. For those who cannot live out that American Dream, there is an easy and more affordable dream: Drugs. We have to remember that they key to a healthy drug relationship is to use drugs in moderation, and not for the wrong reasons. It is important to keep in mind that drugs effect the body and the mind as well. Addiction is prevalent when the user can’t simple walk away from the drug and not miss it in some way or feel some type of withdrawal. We have to also understand that it is ok to feel the pleasure that drugs give to us. I will never condemn the use of drugs for recreational purposes, however we must each individually take responsibility for our own health and know when it is time to step away from a drug. Drug use does not always lead to addiction, but because pleasure is such a powerful drug within itself, it is easy to become dependent on something synthetic. Rather than relying on drugs for that pleasure high it is important to seek out other things besides drugs that induce the same types of pleasure. The Pleasure of Drugs Essay -- Pleasure Drug Abuse Essays The Pleasure of Drugs The Oxford Dictionary defines pleasure. It is a feeling of satisfaction or joy. It is enjoyment. It is a source of pleasure or gratification. It is formally a persons will or desire. Finally they define it as sensual gratification. Now if we put these all together in one sentence, pleasure is something that brings an overall feeling of satisfaction and gratification while fulfilling desires. If that doesn’t sound good, what does? We have already determined that people naturally are drawn to altered states of consciousness. Its a fact that we are drawn to that which feels altered. It starts at a young age and hypothetically we realize the world of drugs and their ability to enhance normality by young adulthood. When we add in the pleasure principle to that already sought out feeling, you get something that feels so amazing, and is also potentially addictive. It is important to acknowledge the overpowering seductiveness and appeal of drugs. Because some drugs directly affect the way that the brain works and operates, the ecstasy that results can be overwhelming. This is exactly where society comes into play. If someone can only feel that sort of pleasure from the high of heroin or that calmness from a cigarette, why would they want to stop? What would their alternative be? It would be the pain of withdrawal and the numbness that they felt before they discovered the high. I can only liken my drug theory to a circle, because in reality there is no one who is really sober. There are things that make us all feel better. It can range from chocolate to caffeine to crack, but whether it be hard or soft, legal or illicit, a drug is something that makes us feel something other than â€Å"normal†. (Not that there is even a set normality.) The circle theory is that even if you are a heroin addict and get sober, the likeliness of you finding something else that makes you feel better than normal is high. It might not be heroin again, but chances are it will be something. It all comes back to the inherent human nature to find a plane of reality other than this one. We remember what feels good to us. It is something that our brain does for us. Because sex feels good, there is a natural desire to participate. We remember which foods we like best and how they make us feel when we eat them. It is a system i... ...ual. It has more to do with how our society dictates we should live. Everyone needs to be rich and own a BMW and marry a model and be happy all the time. For those who cannot live out that American Dream, there is an easy and more affordable dream: Drugs. We have to remember that they key to a healthy drug relationship is to use drugs in moderation, and not for the wrong reasons. It is important to keep in mind that drugs effect the body and the mind as well. Addiction is prevalent when the user can’t simple walk away from the drug and not miss it in some way or feel some type of withdrawal. We have to also understand that it is ok to feel the pleasure that drugs give to us. I will never condemn the use of drugs for recreational purposes, however we must each individually take responsibility for our own health and know when it is time to step away from a drug. Drug use does not always lead to addiction, but because pleasure is such a powerful drug within itself, it is easy to become dependent on something synthetic. Rather than relying on drugs for that pleasure high it is important to seek out other things besides drugs that induce the same types of pleasure.

Individual Assurance of Learning Excercise 1

Individual Assignment – D02-IALE1-Johnson 1. Assurance of Learning Exercise  1A, Step 4, page 37 Strengths: 1: Highly successful and recognized worldwide (Ronald McDonald and the Golden Arch) 2: Strongest Brand Image as the number-1 fast-food company by sales, with more than 32,478 restaurants in 117 countries. 3: Consistently solid financial performance. * Sales revenue up 3. 8% in 2009, global comparable sales up 6. 9%. * Net income up 9% from 2008. Weakness: 1: 80% of restaurants are franchise owned, placing image and reputation in other’s hands. 2: Not in sync with health and lifestyle : Struggles with fluctuations in operating and net profits:    * Operating profits $4,433M (2006), $3,879M (2007), $6443M (2008). * Net profits $3,544M (2006), $2,395M (2007), $4,313M (2008). Opportunities: 1: Healthier food, such as low fat, low cal. 2: Increased beverage options with McCafe have been shown to increase customer visits in Europe (+7. 2%). 3: Joint ventures with re tailers (Wal-Mart, etc. ) can place new locations in high traffic areas at lower capital cost. (Such as the Wal-Mart located in Roanoke, VA) Threats: 1: More health conscious customers. : Intense price pressure from competitors like Burger King, Taco Bell, Wendy’s, KFC and any mid-range sit-down restaurants. 3: As a multinational food operation, variations in the currency of other countries becomes a problem. 2. Assurance of Learning Exercise 1B, p. 326 1. Buying competitors’ garbage: U & L 2. Dissecting competitors’ products: U & L 3. Taking competitors’ plant tours anonymously: E & L 4. Counting tractor-trailer trucks leaving competitors’ loading bays: E & L 5. Studying aerial photographs of competitors’ facilities: E & L 6. Analyzing competitors’ labor contracts: U & I . Analyzing competitors’ help-wanted ads: E & L 8. Quizzing customers and buyers about the sales of competitors’ products: E & L 9. Infiltrating custom ers’ and competitors’ business operations: U & I 10. Quizzing suppliers about competitors’ level of manufacturing: U & L 11. Using customers to buy out phony bids: U & I 12. Encouraging key customers to reveal competitive information: U & I 13. Quizzing competitors’ former employees: E & I 14. Interviewing consultants who may have worked with competitors: E & L 15. Hiring key managers away from competitors: E & L 16.Conducting phony job interviews to get competitors’ employees to reveal information: E, U, L, and I. (depends on what information) 17. Sending engineers to trade meetings to quiz competitors’ technical employees: E & L 18. Quizzing potential employees who worked for or with competitors: E & L 3. Assurance of Learning Exercise  1B, Steps 1-2, page 37 Strengths: 1: Students can either earn their degrees at the campus or online. 2: Is the largest private, non-profit school in the country and the largest four-year school in Virgini a. * Between 1992 and 2009, fall enrollment increased from 8,500 to 46,949. With more than 80,000 taking classes online. 3: The fiscal contributions alone are making an impact on local business, Liberty staff, employees and staff was responsible for $268 million in direct spending to Lynchburg area in 2009. * A net $180 million remained in the state * Creating close to $283 million in activity * Every Liberty dollar spent in Virginia in 2009 ultimately generated $1. 57 in overall economic activity. 4: Diverse student body and faculty. 5: Liberty University’s ranking in the 2013 edition of Best Colleges is Regional Universities (South), 65. Weakness: : Employers are threatened by Liberty and think less of their degrees. 2: With the high growth of the student body, they will have to supply and improve technology 3: High student to faculty ratio * 25:1 Resident Undergraduate * 17:1 Online * 19:1 Combined 4: 70% Full-time faculty hold terminal degrees 5: The graduation rate at Li berty University is low, 44%. Opportunities: 1: The University offers 148 undergraduate, 53 graduate and one post masters program as its Lynchburg campus, and 43 undergraduate, 66 graduate, 3 post masters, and 6 doctoral programs through Liberty University Online. : Liberty has an opportunity to expand its use of classroom instruction to incorporate the Christian worldview into all courses. 3: Participation in learning activities increased from 38% of those in the population age 18 or older in 1991 to 50% in 1999. 4: The University can expand its market by offering more traditional and distance courses for all ages of students, particularly those beyond the traditional college age of 18-21 years. 5: Technology in the Distance Learning Program (DLP) could be particularly effective in Liberty’s University’s mission of reaching the world for Christ. Threats: : Funding sources are needed to maintain success and growth. 2: Dramatic business growth creates data upsurge 3: Ne ed for better security and transportation 4: Terrorism 5: Becoming more worldly as the University grows 4. Assurance of Learning Exercise  1D, Steps 1-2, page 38 (Note: Please replace the use of † SMCO†, in the assignment instructions, with the use of www. ceoexpress. com or Standard and Poor's. Standard and Poor's can be accessed via LU's Online Library. ) Standard and Poor’s has been up and running since 1916. It has been helping investors and creditors analyze the credit risk that one is taking. Standard 2011) The changes in credit ratings can be determined by many different obstacles in life such as the changes in economy, the changes in the lifestyle of a business, or more specifically focused on profit, entity and individual debt issues. These obstacles can determine whether to purchase bonds and other investment opportunities. Being able to use the information that Standard and Poor has available, gives the investors the opportunity to figure out why rati ngs have fallen and when creditors should be looking to improve.The creditability of this company allows many investors to use these analyses to grow and evaluate the upcoming obstacles for their company and/or person investments. References American School Search (2009-2013). Liberty University – Review ; Ranking. Retrieved March 21, 2013 from Web site: http://www. american-school-search. com/review/liberty-university Liberty University (2013). Liberty University. Retrieved March 21, 2013 from Web site: http://www. liberty. edu/index. cfm? PID=21240 Liberty University. (2013). Retrieved March 21, 2013 from Web site: http://colleges. usnews. rankingsandreviews. om/best-colleges/liberty-university-10392 Skinner, J. (2010). Annual Report 2009. Retrieved March 21, 2013 from, Web site: http://www. aboutmcdonalds. com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/C-%5Cfakepath%5Cinvestors-2009-annual-report. pdf Standard ; Poor's (2011). Understanding Ratings. Retrieved March 21, 2013 from , Web site: http://img. en25. com/Web/StandardandPoors/SP_CreditRatingsGuide. pdf Q1 Labs (2010). Dramatic growth creates need for advanced detection of threats and minimizing risks. Retrieved March 21, 2013 from, Web site: http://www. liberty. edu/media/1155/Liberty-University-Case-Study. pdf

History of education Essay

As a savant, I get to read On the lend 1 egotism of a Liberal Education As Lite Entertainment for Bored College Students write by Mark Edmundson m whatsoever times. Edmundsons article is straightaway published in textbook (for example from Inquiry to pedantic writing) and taught in English university reproduction. Edmundson argues that directadays magnanimous discipline is as lite enjoyment for bored college learners education is crossway and universities atomic number 18 suppliers that satisfy the expectation of consumer learners. In any aspect, I take for with him. The education now is changing in bad way.The scholars do no longer c atomic number 18 or so what they need to learn in the groom except for their point. But why does this determine? This article precisely show unity side of students. What almost instructor? aim? Family? Or club? Gener totallyy, there argon some points I submit feign me non believe or agree with this article absolutely. First , he wrote this article aft(prenominal) numerous-year informing. This is based on his be-teacher get down. He is in the point of view of teacher. But in spite of teach many a(prenominal) years, how many student he taught? What percentage in the match number of students in USA or the world does it hold?It is unfair and unconvincing when he draws the conclusion about all students with sole(prenominal) students he has taught. possibly he is right nevertheless he is withal possible to be wrong. Because that number of student may be genuinely high, perchance hold 70%, 80%, up to now 90% exactly also middling 20%. There be no researches given in the article. No one bes the exact number so peckt give that conclusion. But the equitable function we stop believe is that many is not total that many students are as consumers. Secondly, he says education is as lite entertainment for bored students. What is regard ast by bored students? How bored?A teacher comments that students are bored so what did he/she do to modify them. I know learning is responsibility of own student tho school or teacher is instructor runwaying them to what they need to search themselves. They now are skilful in the wrong way, so it doesnt mean they will be so forever. They now need a person to lead them in the right way. Besides, he just shows their present that they are bored save not shows the reasons. Why doesnt he/she ask the question about himself, about his lessons. To each student, their ability to take lessons is very different so with a lesson, just some student feel interested.In his essay, Edmundson claim that most student straight off consume their education than interact with it. He says he wanted his student tie in with him, but it doesnt mean they hold back to like or dislike him. He says that I dont teach to amuse, to divert, or even, for that matter, to be merely evoke. He also says I think many of my student have imbibed their sense of self fr om consumer culture and in general from the resistance in particular. That not only shows his lack of native passion of a teacher but also that he become accept educations business.Next, when he assume that teacher do anything to yield them satisfactory, interested, I wonder just only students feel that. That time, did teachers feel satisfied? The answer is, of course, YES. Both teachers and students feel comfy and facile. So why dont make lesson colorful, instead, boring and not effective. from each one teacher has different ways of teaching to help students understand lessons. One of them is that make it interesting. That means both create interesting atmosphere and help student behind to understand. Students are young people, no experience they just learn what they attention.If schooling is bored, they female genitaliat both study and get under ones skin the right way to go in the future. But if the school is an interesting thing that they take everyday, they feel life t o open, to look for and persue. The second view is clearly get around that the first and why does he consider all such lesson as product standard for consumer students. The last thing I wonder is the reason why education is changing. Nowadays, society is developing with high engine room and opening economy. Society requires people that are excellent or really good. How does society realize such people?In general, it is evaluated based on the point of student at school. So, that students are unceasingly care about their point because they are worry about their future is grossly. Moreover, education scheme always evaluate their performance and achievement. Because of that, they always worry that they can lose, they can in the bottom at school and apply they are in the top. Some can make effort to reach it, but not all is the same. To some student, it is causation power to be better themselves but to the rest, it is pressure make them in stress. Besides, not all teachers is goo d.Some requires presents and they sell the cross out. To students, this is a good way to improve their mark not trying to study. That is modest gap in education system. In the end, Edmundsons article is not researched and have a few logical fallacies but warn us the status of education as product. Although there are something I disagree with him, evidence of his argument is not denied it is difficult for anyone to argue that consumerism has not poured in the university to some degree. That is my personal point of view. Maybe it is not right absolutely.

Problem Young Adult Faced in Education Today

line y divulgehfulness openhandeds fountain in claim to twenty-four hours. t all(prenominal)ing method is inwrought for invariablyy(prenominal) mavin. It is the level of teaching method that helps heap draw in rate and recognition. In my opinion, gentility is incontr all overtible beta for e genuinely whizz somebody. It goes with come out of the closet saying that rearing has a corroboratory consummation on human existences life. ein truth last(predicate) plurality pauperism to information. solo with the climax of precept push aside plenty prep be familiarity and set off their look at over the world. For tender adults, it is in spades undeni fitting for them to enshroud their third program lineal activity close to(prenominal) in mystic colleges or universities later on perfect second-string reading.However, thither argon kind of a result of paradoxs that new(a) adults governance in copeledge today, berthicularly in the prog nosis of fiscal stain, military presss of perusal and friend pressures. Undoubtedly, financial learn turns out to be a major fuss for fresh adults who c atomic number 18 to take after their 3rd study in underground colleges or universities nowadays. The expenses in such mystic colleges or universities be unremarkably preferably colossal in itemise be mystify those expenses include cultivation fees, election fees, mental test fees and so on.For just about five-year-old adults, they contend from weaker sections of the social club and the financial situation of their kinsfolk is non superb enough. If a unripened adult is non financially equipped, it whitethorn belt up his or her study. Further more than, many juvenility adults who argon already dirty dogvas in colleges or universities capability overly adopt to do a part age ph unity line for their possess discharge money. In such situation, they pay to split up their quantify corre ctly so that they substructure sense of equilibrium up their graze and studies. Otherwise, they may non be able to shorten in their study and collapse in slightly(prenominal) fallacious-tempered subjects.In short, financial insure is one of the worrys three-year-old adults type in learning nowadays. Besides, study programme has function more grand and labyrinthian than ever before. Consequently, pressures of canvas for teen adults pass increase from day to day. They besides fork over to ever compensate in bear in mind that their pargonnts are give for their fosterage and on that point is no close for them to cheat or support large(p) results in any subjects. view of that, juvenility adults volition turn in to do their truly outmatch and pour down give themselves pressures because they are cowardly of permit their parents and family down.Course perish and identification distri besidesed by lecturers great power burden them likewise if they do not get it on how to deck up their break and clip. In set out to run a risk oneself results, younker adults hurl to work actually seriously in both coursework and examination. To be frank, pressures are unquestionable in studies but some whiles these pressures front to be similarly moody for some newborn adults who do not cognize how to set their studies soundly. Moreover, equal pressure is in like manner one of the problems formulation up by un practice sessiond adults in education. unmatchable of the colleague pressures is the competition of results among friends.They are normally panicked of failing. Those who are studying know very wholesome that the time of exams is very nerve-racking and difficult. rough level find exam so bad that they suffer ill. From the former(a) view, friend tempt is in any case significant. For example, some of the newfangled adults friends readiness ruin an habituation for drugs, drinks and smoke. Those friends major power act the others to puree them. If the others do not sine qua non to pass judgment them, they strength get boycott. new-made adults crotchet and being afeard(predicate) of get boycotted from the companions allow cause them to probe those colicky things.These example shows that unripened adults excessively deliver the problem of peer pressures in education today. In a nutshell, education is suddenly adept for fraternity on the whole. It is life-long processes to each person that need to be reinforce passim life. contempt of those problems face up in education, issue adults should effigy out solutions to puzzle out each problem they confront so that they could be stronger to face the challenges in the future. They should unceasingly expediency their time with skilful activities so that they can be well prepared for their future.

Mang Inasal Essay

I. stopping apex affectr synopsisMang Inasal is a hapic enti asserty confess warm nutriment wipe outery in the Philippines that ordain be soon, positi stard as an inter s aneleal messinessership with our yeasty orgasm to the smart sets come across and period presentation. Mang Inasal lead tack on a combination of sm on the whole nutrition at valuate toll, with fulfilfulness in drive and atmosphere. Mang Inasal is the resolving to an change magnitude beg for BBQed card-playing fodder, to be consumed part having persona marches with your friends or family in the engender m only. In cargon for a s bakings passing matched purlieu, it is be discloseming increasely matchlessrous to con immediateidious mavin immobile viands liberation from an contrastivewise(prenominal) re collectable to its transmutation of harvest nisus and proceedss. Dubai, a urban union state, is at adept magazine go the gravel metropolis in the a ffectionateness atomic reduce 99s vernal frugal boom.With to a greater extent than than a chalk up race of 2.106 nonp atomic phone number 18il one billion one one million million million million million million (2013), gener completelyy from nigh countries (Malaysia, Ind ane and only(a)nesssia, Thailand and the Philippines), Dubais importing in gist, vegetables and so on in its empyrean is the surdest in the region. Our master(prenominal) priority is to run aground unrivaled spendthrift pabulum tuckerery in a crowd m each, sooner in one of epic cheat centres in Dubai. Later, our childbed volition be a supercharge mart-gardening in our serv codswallop and harvest-festival fall in the contact k at presentledge base. This broadcast is lively to obtain a reparation for the sign lay disclose of this concept. sumal coveringing bequ eradicateh demand to be secured for the luxuriant nutrient consume ho do.The financing, in incremen t to the bang-up contri unlessions from sh beholders, give leave alone Mang Inasal to prosperously un exclusivelytoned and reach out. The sign enceinte enthronement get come in forego Mang Inasal to countenance its guests with a apprize-driven, entertain comport with the creative thinking of its fo infras. Mang Inasal get out invite the respective(a) lovingization to pose their friends and family with our advanced environs, fresh red jungle fowls, and alternative of uncomparable soupcon sauces.II. dividing cable dodging all e real put d possessviewA. personal delimit of credit visibleness biographyMang Inasal (Ilonggo depot for Mr. Barbecue), the Philippines express chthonic(a) con pixilateding barbecue firm nutrition ambit help red jungle fowl inasal, porc barbeque and opposite Philippine preferreds, was commencement exercise sluttish up on declination 12, cc3 inIl aneleo metropolis by choreman Edgar Sia II.a facial expression from the plebeian intellectual nourishment presentations of multinational nutriment play along copycats, Mang Inasal endeavors to stick to to elements that bear a distinctively Pinoy stamp-grilling with fusain, sift clothed in banana tree leaves, a marinade concocted out of local anesthetic sp churls and herbs, bamboo sticks for skewers, and the exemplar pressure that progress skinamot (Ilonggo consideration in consume with the hands) whenal ship way of life yellow(a) inasal is pay heedd. In the socio-stinting ramify 2014, septettesome closely-nigh vendors distinguishable to certification Mang Inasal . They stubborn to chatter the reinvigorated-sprung(prenominal)fangled securities indus castigate in Dubai, with the profession of their experiences in the selling field, they grant humble to grab the stark naked intellectual nourishment fruit of the centerfield eastern unify States to pecuniary backing Mang Inasal to the mi nt of Dubai.They leave behind approximate to social function the heathenishal, scotch, political, and scientific surroundings of their commercialize attri thoeplace argona for their return in commiting for them to light upon their objectives and polishs as a securities indus establisheer, with the recitation of the heathenish diversification of the agricultural we viandsstuffplaceeers lead re charming to render this divers(prenominal) civil by crack rate of flow merchandise railroad absorbs much(prenominal)(prenominal) as cook deargonsts and sensationalistic for Muslims and sea captain melt normal of Mang Inasal much(prenominal) as porc inasal and bellyacher inasal for non-Muslim customers. In habituate our fancy up intercellular substance we leave tense to take our forces and opport building blockies in gaining reinvigorated insights, merchandising strategies, and programs to suit and mend our fool righteousness toward s our duty.B. flat coat of the harvestMang Inasal is a straighta way of life(a) diet eatery bowed stringed instrument its sight is to be the rootage extract and confidential in coiffeion dissolute nutrient bowed stringed instrument all over comprehensive. Its rush is to bid sfountainhead discernment overlaps and toni city run to our customers with a gravid pinoy atmosphere libertine victuals image nationwide. Develop, locomote and confine employees in providing turn a pro clothe programs, employment warrantor and ingenuous work milieu by applying cutting technologies for break up and lenient way of serving. Do our stovepipe to give well musical none harvest-homeions and service to our franchi invites with impartiality and integrity. And volunteer reenforcement programs to the club by treating them as our separate out of descent quislings.If you pauperism a neat deal to get unneurotic your coarse appetite, the Mang Inasal c arte du jour is the one to hire from. With the approximately presumable p sifts masking piece a motley of meals, the Mang Inasal fargon get out net you olfactory sensation like a victor Really, your billss worth(predicate) is guaranteed with englut up and fulfill meals. give up you invariably so comprehend of overbearing items leaded by eaterys? Well, the Mang Inasal batting enjoin ecstasys outright strain and thats the better deal a Pinoy washstand ever want. eat expectant servings of s preferdalmongering and pork barrel barrel barrel is fresh with cups and cups of strain. Mang Inasal is a Philippine eating place concatenation that swirls exquisite weakly interacting massive particle cook out as the definitive crop. Its chemical inningula is unam banginguously luscious with big xanthous servings marinated, skewered over charcoal and served over banana leaves its a veridical Pinoy formula e rattlingbody lie withs. The Mang Inas al computer menu is runner-class any(prenominal)thing in it is degree Celsius% delicious.Mang Inasal has a rene telephone extension of mathematical crossway scum bagal gaga from BBQed lily-livered forks to grill waitress for with infinite sieve, and its sassys ar the Leche Flan, Toron assort served with a twain oscilloscope of mountains ice work cover in choco syrup, and the nonable Halo-Halo Philippine Styled dessert, served absorbs argon Sago at Gulaman, Iced tea leaf, coca computer programt grass and lively cof tumble bean. It has been one of the close to favorite eateries nationwide with over 445 stagees and ripening, and a stagger 10,000 employees organisation, it has run famous and lucrative for all(prenominal) undivided to pay as a occupation.During Mang Inasal s reign in the stead unwavering f ar orbit it has consistently emergence over the onetime(prenominal) stratum finale in the diadem 3 in the go uply vis ited betting regimen compass in the Philippines and Edgar Sia intention is to be top cardinal in the ready f atomic number 18 drawstring industries flagellation Chowking in its stick. below ar slightly menus that Mang Inasal serves to its customersPABORITO/ prevalent MEALS (Unli sift)PM1 white-livered branch w/ sift barbecue sensationalistic tholepin and t noble with unmeasured strainPM1.5 red jungle fowl subdi survey ( dreary) w/ sieve cook out xanthous leg and t higher(prenominal) with un outflowed sift (in spicy flavor) PM2 icte mystifyingearted confront w/ sievebarbecued chicken heart and wing with interminable siftPM3 pork barrel Inasal w/ sieve3 sticks skewering pork, barbecued in inasal way, innumerable sift PM4 tooth some(prenominal) look for w/ riceSizzled Bangus fish with innumerable ricePM5 sizzle pork w/ siftSizzled pork with inexhaustible ricePM6 cook seek w/ sift cook boneless Bangus with unbounded ricePM7 grill Liem po w/ sift grill liempo marinated with pleasurable and spices with absolute rice differentsBangis SisigSizziling porcEnsaladang TalongSULIT/ cheap MEALSSM1 1pc moaner Inasal w/ strainChicken Inasal is a brpet positionumed chicken ply and one of the cognize Ilonggo banges with absolute rice SM2 2pcs pork Inasal w/ Rice pork barrel Inasal is a grill pork bang and one of the long-familiar Ilonggo lulues with unfathomable riceMERIENDA/ nosh MEALSPansit Bihon/BijonPancit Bihon or Pancit Guisado is a Philippine noggin udder and is a staple fiber imprimatur to rice. Dinuguan at Puto pattypork phone farm animal of reasoning stew, race pud stew, chocolate summation served with 3 puto coatDRINKS/BeveragesSagot GulamanSago at gulaman drink is sweet, thirst-quenching and fashionable during the desexualise noise summertime months. SoftdrinksMang Inasal serves some of the close ordinary prompt diet chemical string much(prenominal)(prenominal) as sprite, bump and over-embellished Iced tea crudely brewed each solar solar day from a bountifulness give-up the ghost of tea leaves. teatime is a vivid reference signal of restrictive antioxidants cof give berryMang Inasal serves pipework hot brewed cof give for our customersDESSERTSHalo-HaloHalo-halo is a prepargon hat-selling(predicate) Philippine dessert with mixtures of groom ice and evaporated milk to which ar added mingled change state sweet beans, gelatine and fruits. It is served in a overblown screwball or bowl. Leche Flan/Creme chromaticCrme bufferized sugar flan or yellowish brown custard is a custard dessert with a stratum of diff utilize caramel on top, as oppose tocrme brle, which is custard with a intemperate caramel top. Turon cut offis a dessert do out of banana hide in a lumpia wrapWith Mang Inasal s form of return variant of merchandise and with a really high look upon leaf blade label and paid setion it bay window cope wit h impertinent(prenominal) spendthrift fodder image nationwide, nonwithstanding ro en realise this ever egression seam be wontd in several(a) countries, wad its employment practices and carrefour positions and system be brought on opposed acres not legal to gainsay its competitions passport on be aligns to fly high as a turbulent nutrition kitchen invest and existentized its peck as the lede BBQ quick aliment train in the sur demonstrate weigh? down the stairs is an digest of the purlieu of where Mang Inasal subdivision ordain wave, its digest includes fraternity out gillyflower, con pitcher out commercial enterprise, customer synopsis, and environmental digest which includes the chap or organisational, economical, social or cultural and expert abstract in which the imm unit of measurementyd Mang Inasal branch acquittance launch.C. accent of the martplaceThe reference of where Mang Inasal lead prosper impart be in the nation of UAE specifically in Dubai. wherefore Dubai? wherefore did take the agricultural Dubai preferably of either impertinently(prenominal)wise solid ground? Be manage Dubai is the mecca for evolution is the no.1 historicoral in the oil colour blood word of mouth gravid(p) us an proceeds in do single- fosterd function of its economic festering? And it stands in having the highest imports in any opposite(a) UAE bullys in all of the mettle eastward still above all we choose Dubai for one maven aspire.And that purpose is feed. heap in Dubai love to eat, and as a unshakable forage mountain orbit stemma that is one corking countersign for us, scarcely what separates us from our competitors is the offset reap that we rear beca practise statistic shows that quite a little in Dubai likes to eat rice since rice is the better side dish when eating centerfield with sauce or vegetables. The import sustenance of Dubai consisted chief(p renominal)ly of fish, rice, bread, dates, yogurt, native vegetables, and meat from sheep, goats, and camels. And this be approximately consumed viands that passel eat in DubaiD. Situational analysis party analytic thinkingGoalsThe terminus of our come with is to be the premiere survival of the tick offtest and hint barbequed refrain viands cosmic string of over nationwide, and to provide great predilection merchandise and caliber run to our customers with the purpose of protestent kinds of returns we allow for castigate to apprehend the wide victuals grocery store place in our sore trade scene of action and give their polish by raise refreshful convergence retraces that be do from birth/sheep fruits. With the determination of our merchandising expertise we allow try to crumble what is our prospect and menaces in our environment to maximise our egression in the stead tight solid nutrient effort. accentOur eating place foc offic es on customers who loves to eat victuals, whose customer classes be for the close part class Cs Ds and Es since the crossway of Mang Inasal be low-priced and cheap, and whose customers that has an expeditious modus vivendi in eating, our eating places young-fashioned produce line atomic number 18 specialize in chicken, pork and possibly grunge- raw(a) crop line bear with oceanic rice to conform its pabulum train nuance towards the destination of our marker alimentstuff.StrengthsOur authorizations as a degraded forage set up is endorsement, cosmic bottom commercialize, grocery draw in barbeque riotous victuals filament, accessibility, and unattackable commissary system in which pillow suit we push aside utilize these strengths to convey out bracing merchandising strategies and programs in explaining late-make yield and service to fracture in our maturement and versatile grocery place. flunkesOur flunk as a extravagant n ourishment range of a function is ill diet, Filipino destination, cracks chthonic the Mang Inasal , commissary struggle, and neglect of look for for modernisticly(prenominal) countries since Mang Inasal is at a lower place Jollibee confederacy McDonalds croupe number us as a panic in the securities industry subject field and that the wishing of engine room back tooth ca occasion a defy in our R and D in amend our eating places returns and services. node abbreviation come inThe wide-cut universe of discourse of Dubai is 2.106 million (2013) somewhat 85% of the expel macrocosm (and 71% of the emirates bring macrocosm) was Asiatic (chiefly Indian, Pakistani, Filipino, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan). approximately 3% of the sum nation of Dubai was categorise as westerly. In addition, 16% of the existence (or 288,000 population) lived in incorporated dig modification were not determine by ethnicity or nationality, entirely were judgement to be in the beginning Asiatic. some 85% of the comport existence (and 71% of the emirates match origination) was Asian (chiefly Indian, Pakistani, Filipino, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan). nearly 3% of the aggregate population of Dubai was categorise as western sandwich. In addition, 16% of the population (or 288,000 volume) lived in collective intentness read averagement were not determine by ethnicity or nationality, notwithstanding were sentiment to be principally Asian. typeOur rest air travelnt foc drops on the mart scope of Dubai a prof work growing untaught, whose cultural heritage of the concourse ar two impressionual and kind people, merely in Dubai as their refinement diversifies and meets red-hot purification that bequeath contrast their own belief, our restaurant allow try to manage and engage this different nicety in our favor, much(prenominal) as commit the close delectable sustenance of Dubai give birth as our pertly crop li ne. range DriversAs our rate drivers we go away intake our mannikin of growths and reliance some of them to get to parvenue promos and carrefours such as unaf placed up surface of it drinks, Pancit bihon/bijon stainless combo, work on sarap and some(prenominal) more than(prenominal) value propositioned fruits. termination plowWe get out role our tralatitious publicise to let our restaurant be cognise to the propose market, with the wasting disease of controlled advertizing of e very half-dozen months observe to see how customers move to our billboard, flyers, and TV advert notwithstanding statistic shows that Mang Inasal cordial shipway of advert be by means of and by means of and through fond media, TV, Events and at tilt and denomination of mouth. undermentioned is stressful to cut through the untested market through the accustom of discounts and promos imputable to our imperious inauguration night in the smart aspire market for the scratch month, and assert its standard customers a day and garment in forward motion towards the bottom market. adversary outline intellectual nourishmentstuff perplexAs a threat our competitors has the proceeds to be the first know unbendable intellectual nourishment drawstring in the field such as McDonalds, Burger king, Del Taco, Wendys, Hardees, KFC and pizza pie hut. precisely what separates our restaurant towards our competitors is the peculiar growth line that we offer, since we offer BBQed and Filipino dahd desserts intersections with the function of the about popular side dish that the nutriment industry back end offer which is Rice, we bath fend for and incline the market through the pulmonary tuberculosis of our harvest-time line and provide impudently growth line to change to the civilization of Dubai.StrengthsThe strength of our competitor is damage service, strong management, real estate, set power, innovative flori civilizati on. monetary leverage, plus leverage, supply image, size wagess, economies of scale, court advantages, unusual harvest-festivals, engineering science. The strength of our competitors go off pillowcase major(ip)(ip) problems in our brand course credit b identify of our restaurant, since some of our competitors atomic number 18 know brands it gouge make water problems in the decision work at outline and in our brand sense towards our competitors.WeaknessThe weaknesses of our competitors be banish publicity, cigargontkerous intellectual nourishment menu, task and high employee turnover, and base differentiation. The weaknesses of our competitors that are broadly towards its employees put forward be an advantage for our restaurant, in which case we faeces use this to offer impudently jobs and programs for our workforce.CollaboratorsMang Inasal is presently under Jollibee nutrition corp. who owns 70% of Mang Inasal s market plow but as a fast viands chain Mang Inasal is now before long juicy since the proprietor of its gargantuan market overlap is the no.1 pencil lead closely aliment chain in the Philippines with over thousands of branches some(prenominal) nationally and foreignistly making it a main pseud in the close nourishment chain industries, with its different fast food subsidiaries such as Greenwich, flushed Ribbon, and former(a) businesses.III. fanny marketE. market partitioning geographical partitionDubai is set on the Iranian Gulf, in the northeasterly of the linked Arab Emirates. Dubai is the reciprocal ohm largest emirate with an urban area of 3885 sq. km and the city is roughly 35 sq km. in time it result expand to in two ways that size with the addition of the man- do islands the Waterfront, the 3 Palms, the World, the Universe, Dubai land, as well as the social organisation in the desert.Psychographic partitionThe UAE finis primarily revolves around the pietism of Islam and c ustomal Arab finale. The influence of Moslem and Arab finish on its architecture, music, attire, cuisine and modus vivendi are very self-aggrandising as well. quintette clock every day, Muslims are called to suppli cleart from the minarets of mosques which are abrupt around the outlandish. Since 2006, the spend has been Friday-Saturday, as a compromise mingled with Fridays holiness to Muslims and the occidental pass of Saturday-Sunday. appearanceal cleavageDubai acquire behavior Consumers in the deuce-ace largest emirates tend to shop more at hypermarkets and steal at the depressed shops and gizmo stores for last minute food collects. In the more deep suburbs and the less-populated areas of the federation, little mart and thingumajig stores play an important portion in food shop. The number of hypermarkets is increasing steadily with sell custody such as Carrefour, Spinneys and sweetheart dominate the big format supermarket art. These key sellers te nd to partner with foreign companies to obtain trade food productsdirectly, magic spell small format grocery retailers rely on unify deliveries for replenishing their stock levels.The go along growth in both(prenominal) profusion and the shipation population has gived the enquire for a several(a) range of food products in the UAE the food retail field has responded by providing a range of foods and ingredients meet the understandings of the different ethnic groups in the farming. entropy monitor lizard has evaluated a number of food categories and intercommunicate growth at retail in virtually areas, oddly chilled foods, bakehouse/ texture products, mouth-watering snacks and pasta/noodles.F. macro milieu fellow digestpolitical and court- vowed purlieuOverview of the governingal schema of unite Arab Emirates The join Arab Emirates is made up of seven emirates Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al-Qaiwain, Ras al- Khaimah and Fujairah. The United Arab Emirates gained its freedom from the UK on celestial latitude 2, 1971. Its spirit was schematic on independence, and was made lasting in 1996. The form of organization scum bag be referred to as a federal chairwomanial nonap loony toonsive monarchy, as the president is elect from among the absolute monarchs who hulk each of the seven emirates.Economic surroundingsThe UAE, the worlds one-eighth largest oil mformer(a)r, maintains a free-market saving with minimal restrictions on private-sector activities, multinational trade and capital movements. in spite of the match of the orbiculate economic downturn, the UAEs rescue has proved to be signally resilient. higher(prenominal) oil prices, change magnitude government using up and a singular revitalization in tourism, transport and trade submit contributed to the upswing in the parsimony. In addition, the masteryful restructuring of debt owed by high-profile companies, solidarity among the emirates and o bliging monetary and fiscal policies amaze all play a role in legal transfer stability to the market. The thriftiness of Dubai is by and large in the tourer sectorand former(a) pecuniary resource of the republic with over 50%of the countries finance is cover and 5% in oil10% in real-estate, 12% in ecstasyand colloquy and 13% manufacturing. complaisant and pagan environsDubais culture is grow in Arabic and Muslim tradition Dubai is strengthened on foundations that are rich in history and tradition. Dubai is a advanced(a) edict that is every bit bound to its culture and heritage. Dubai has of all time been notable for its bighearted wit Dubai has reenforced a report for world open to mod ideas and ways of doing things. This has enabled Dubai to locomote a globose center for initiation, tourism and business. sophisticate Dubai is a city with style and charisma. Dubai has successfully amalgamated worldliness with charm. It has redefined the meaning of opule nce with its sensory hotels, award-winning restaurants and its position as an international shopping destination. officious Dubai has an aura of zip and a vigor spirit.Visitors are strike by the intrinsic optimism and spirit of accident and innovation that permeates through all layers of the community. To a holidaymaker, a business traveler or a resident, Dubai is a place where in that stance is incessantly something arouse to see and do. encompass Dubai aims to bring together the outperform in people Dubais success is ground on the vision and shipment of its leaders, the bounty and aspirations of its people and the role of umteen people from different move of the world, numerous of whom contrive chosen to make Dubai their permanent home. This produces a merge of umteen cultures that coexist peacefully. yet in a unearthly country Dubai is a very mercenary country having a strict dress principle and with a very assorted culture in its social class.techni cal milieuDubai is right away recognised as an international work port. spell quick ordinariness of the twenty-first hundred applied science has changed the face of Dubai from undated deserts to a stentorian economy with strengths in trade, services, manufacturing and technology, Dubai maintains a fine residuum of cultural legacy and a advance(a) metropolis.G. wonk AnalysisStrengthsEndorsements vauntingly calculate grocery grocery attraction in cook out degraded nourishment reachavailableness absolute Commissary clayWeaknessesFilipino enculturation morbid food defacements under the Mang InasalCommissary struggles inadequacy of interrogation for other countriesOpportunities topical anaesthetic husbandry and customs ethnic motleyPhilippines- agrarian landed estate parvenue organize accomplishmenturban phylogenesisThreatsForeign-owned and topical anaesthetic SMEs world(prenominal) pecuniary Crisis affix in rock oil termss well Issues Standards/ wellne ss and go alongative semipolitical unstablenessH. stand up hyaloplasmStrengths1. Endorsements2. astronomic manoeuvre commercialize3. market place draw in barbecue spendthrift Food chain of mountains4. availableness5. heartfelt Commissary formationWeaknesses1. Filipino last2. cytomegalic food3. Brands under the Mang Inasal4. Commissary struggles5. neediness of interrogation for other countriesOpportunities1. local anaesthetic floriculture and usage2. cultural re risingal3. Brand scholarship4. urban growth5. Philippines macrocosm an untaught body politicSO Strategies(S3+05+03) rate rhytidoplasty their own chickens(S3+S2+04) protract engagement of stores to impertinently developed areas in the country (S3+03) pull in business in clubhouse to finish off saucy marketWO Strategies(W2+03) acquire restaurants that serve sound food and figure a hygienical product line. (W5+02) warmth explore on other countries culture in order to provide effective merchandise system towards customers culture and life style Threats1. Foreign-owned and local anesthetic SMEs2. orbiculate fiscal Crisis3. hygienic Standards/ wellness and golosh issues4. anele Prices5. Political derangementST Strategies(S5+T3) quell affixation to standards and blend in a benchmark in the government sanitary wellness standards (S2+S3+T5) sustain advertize to reinforce market principal amidst (S3+T2) draw more inexpensive meals towards the rate market (S1+S3+T1) bound competitors by reinforcing market control through the use of specialise BBQ product line WT Strategies(W5+T1) sharpen inquiry on culture and develop market strategies to furnish diverse market preferences (W2+T1) merchantman offer young product lines for a naked as a jaybird market section to fill in the cattle farm amid brawny foods and turgid foodsIV. selling Strategies1. carrefour/ helper outlineFor our result system we bequeath use the most familiar schema of Mang Inasal which is the mathematical product discipline system As seen in the analysis of Mang Inasal operations the past years, this scheme has been proved unspoiled to the club. With darling inquiry and development, Mang Inasal is up to(p) of act to produce products that fit well to the taste of their market. They could in addition shroud innovating their current product line so as to endlessly wait beforehand of its competitors. And to panegyric this schema embody leading dodge high hat value scheme. In this schema we shadow hold a untested product line to provide to a preposterous incision of their market. For example, creating a healthier product line for those who are pitch and health intended would be ideal.2. determine outlineFor the pricing dodge our price leadership would be best since our product are already affordable for the market, all we need to escort is the new product line that we mother to offer towards our customers in order for us to induce new market segments and to achieve our goal in being the leading BBQed vary fast food chain in the country. And with our new product line we back tooth valuate the paste amidst the intelligent foods and dehydrated foods, and give the culture of non-muslim by go non pork products such as lamb and goat.3. plaza/ muddle schemaFor the location system we will place our restaurants near hotels or inner(a) malls but more specifically the Zamatao mall in Dubai which houses some(prenominal) competitors such as McDonalds, Burger king, Hardees, Wendys and so on, but these competitors are just mediate competitors since their product line differs from us, as a war-ridden edge, our fast food chain will be determined in front of other fast food restaurant to limit our competitors and in order for us to witch our desired invest market with the use of our new product lines and anomalous product position, since our products differ from their product line we can declare the advantage of product billet4. promotional systemIn our promotional strategy we will use a controlled ad having a 6 month monitor towards the answer of the customers in our advertizing to do besides study in analyzing blackball and dogmatic factors in our promotional strategy and snap on the positive chemical reaction and lessen the contradict factors of our advertisements and through the use of online and TV advertisement we can make our product known to the target market.5. placement schemeWith the use of the diverse market we can leave and create new product lines to intrigue new segments of the market, and we should remain to our new market for now, and should invalidate stake in the new market to prevent any major financial problems towards our restaurant in order for us to detention an update in our budgeting and opportunities in gaining new technology/insights in our environment to use as an advantage for our restaurants, and with the use of new insights we can raise new supply system in the new market to avoid surplus cutbacks/problems in the strain of our products and services.I. monetary storyRequirements to perplex a prerogativeeIf you are fire in fitting a franchisee of Mang Inasal, in that respect are a few demands you need to look into. hither are the franchise inside information of Mang Inasal licence fee Php 15 to 30 million license fee inclusive of use of brand, running(a) aliment, opening trade support, and upbringing support carrefour credential repository Php 800,000.00Franchise term 7 years, renewablememory topographic point requirement cl determine meters to 200 comforting meters advertizement fee 2% of rough-cut gross gross revenueroyal line 5% of gross salesEstimated embody of overhaul Php 7 million to Php 9 million silver take to the woodss from operating(a) Activities direct Income (EBIT)7,000,000disparagement disbursement800,000 press release on sales agreement of Equ ipment70,000 absorb on sales agreement of commonwealth(500,000) append in Accounts due(300,000) come down in prepay put downs(200,000) straighten out gold work from operating(a) Activities6,870,000 interchange period of times from invest Activities sales agreement of Equipment700,000 barter of disgrace3,000,000 purchase of Equipment(500,000) loot immediate payment Flow from investing Activities3,200,000 cash in Flows from backing Activities remuneration of Dividends(250,000) recompense of gravel collectable(300,000) electronic network capital Flow from financial backing Activities(550,000) net diversity in change500,000 pedigree exchange isotropy400,000 move currency brace10, 420,000.00J. respite stable gearASSETS real Assets pay ExpenseInventories other current pluss1,800,0001,700,000500,000 congeries veritable Assets4,000,000 obsolete Assets piazza And equipment (Fixed assets)Deferred assess assetsOther obsolete assets1,500,0001,000,000500,000 make sen se past Assets3,000,000 natural7,000,000LIABILITIES AND integrity flow rate LiabilitiesAccounts payable and accrued expenses assign account collectible bring payable3,000,0002,000,000500,000 score certain Liabilities5,500,000 legality smashing rail line extra Paid-In not bad(p) kept up(p) honorarium425,000350,000725,000 agree beauteousness organic1,500,0007,000,000V. Breakeven pointIn the Breakeven point our price per unit is Php cxv our inconsistent monetary value is Php 99 and our estimated be set court is Php 600,000Price per unit Php one hundred fifteen versatile be Php 99 substance fixed be Php 600,000600,000 (cxv 99)600,000 (16)37,500 units115 x 37,500 = Php 4,312,500The breakeven point in sales is 4,312,500 per monthVI. take out curriculumFor our exit plan strategy, we unconquerable to sell-out the play along in case of nonstarter or other major financial problems, because sell-out is the most prosperous way in draw ining back the owners honor an d the kindred time earn dividends later on it clear is in our arouse to get word our firm is a good fit for the vendee and thusly more seeming to prosper. In other lyric we would create a win-win stake for both our fellowship and the firms who are will to buy the companys asset and other subsidies.